Pertempuran Cibalae
| Pertempuran Cibalae | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bagian dari Peperangan Konstantinus I | |||||||
 Konstantinus, kepala perunggu dari sebuah patung, Museum Capitoline, Roma | |||||||
| |||||||
| Pihak terlibat | |||||||
| Konstantinus I | Licinius | ||||||
| Tokoh dan pemimpin | |||||||
| Konstantinus | Licinius | ||||||
| Kekuatan | |||||||
| 20,000[1] | 35,000[1] | ||||||
| Korban | |||||||
| Tidak diketahui | 20,000[2] | ||||||
Pertempuran Cibalae terjadi pada 8 Oktober 314 (atau mungkin akhir 316, kronologi tidak jelas),[3] antara dua kaisar Romawi Konstantinus I dan Licinius. Tempat pertempurannya berjarak sekitar 250 kilometer dari teritorial Licinius. Konstantinus meraih kemenangan, meskipun kalah jumlah.
Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ a b Lieu and Montserrat, p. 45.
- ^ Odahl, p.164
- ^ For the consensus on dating of the battle of Cibalae in 316, see A.S. Christensen, L. Baerentzen, Lactantius the Historian, Museum Tusculanum Press, 1980, p.23, W. Treadgold, A history of the Byzantine State and Society, Stanford University Press, 1997, p. 34, D.S. Potter, p. 378 and C. Odahl, p. 164. For the alternative dating at 314 see, among others, Ramsay MacMullen, Constantine, Routledge, 1987, p. 67 and A. H. M. Jones, Constantine and the Conversion of Europe, The English University Press, 1948, p. 127
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- Grant, Michael (1993), The Emperor Constantine, London. ISBN 0-7538-0528-6
- Lieu, S.N.C and Montserrat, D. (Ed.s) (1996), From Constantine to Julian, London. ISBN 0-415-09336-8
- Odahl, C.M., (2004) Constantine and the Christian Empire, Routledge 2004. ISBN 0-415-17485-6
- Potter, David S. The Roman Empire at Bay AD 180–395, Routledge, 2004. ISBN 0-415-10058-5
- Stephenson, P, (2009) Constantine: Unconquered Emperor, Christian Victor, Quercus, London.